WHAT IS HEPATITIS?

Hepatitis is a disease that damages the liver function and the liver as a neutralizing toxins and the body's digestive system that breaks down food in the food juices to be distributed across a very important organ for humans.
Hepatitis disease can affect anyone not of age. Hepatitis can occur in infants, children, adults and the elderly. Hepatitis is also a lot of hit in infants 0-12 months of age, the child is expected to occur from the age of 2-15 years, 15-20 years and adults older people over the age of 40 years and above.
Hepatitis divided into five types :


Hepatitis A

Transmission of hepatitis A virus or hepatitis virus type A (HVA) through the fecal oral, that the virus is found in the stool. The virus is also easily transmitted through food or water that has been contaminated, sometimes also through sexual contact with an infected person.

Symptoms of hepatitis A usually do not appear until you have the virus for several weeks. Hepatitis A is associated with a clean lifestyle. In many cases, Hepatitis A infection never develop to severe hepatitis B or C so it will not cause liver cancer. However, Hepatitis A continues to be treated well because it reduces the productivity of those who had to be hospitalized.

Signs and symptoms of Hepatitis A are:

• Fatigue
• Nausea and vomiting
• Abdominal pain or discomfort, especially in the area of ​​the liver (on the right side below the ribs)
• Loss of appetite
• Fever
• Dark-colored urine
• Muscle aches
• Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice).

Mild cases of Hepatitis A usually does not require treatment, and most people who are infected recover completely with no permanent liver damage.

Good hygiene practices such as washing hands with soap before eating and after toilet is one of the best ways to protect themselves against the virus Hepatitis A.


handling steps:
1. Break. The goal is to provide enough energy for the body's immune system to fight infections.
2. Anti nausea. One of the effects of hepatitis A infection is nausea, which reduces appetite. This impact must be addressed because nutrition is very important in the healing process.
3. Rest your heart. The function of the liver is to metabolize drugs that are used in the body. Because liver inflammation is experiencing pain, then drugs and alcohol are not necessary and the like should be avoided during illness.

Prevention of Hepatitis A vaccination is also available for people at high risk.



Hepatitis B

Hepatitis type B virus (HVB) can be transmitted through blood and body fluids that sexual contact, transmission from mother to fetus in the womb and through injections or blood transfusions contaminated with Hepatitis B virus, such as injecting drug users, users of medical equipment (needles, blades , scissors) that unsterilized perfect, piercing, tattooing, razors, nail clippers are not sterile.

In contrast to Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B virus in some people can lead to chronic hepatitis B, leading to liver failure, liver cancer or cirrhosis is a condition that causes permanent scarring in the liver.Hepatitis B Signs and symptoms usually appear about 3 months after infection and can range from mild to severe.

Signs and symptoms of Hepatitis B is similar to hepatitis A, namely:

• Stomach ache
• Dark urine
• Fever
• Joint pain
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea and vomiting
• Weakness and fatigue
• Yellowing of skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice).

Most people who are infected with Hepatitis B in adults when fully recovered. However, infants and children are much more likely to develop chronic hepatitis B infection. There is no cure for hepatitis B, but the vaccine can prevent transmission of the disease.

Hepatitis B is not curable, but the treatment process is usually done in a long time or even a lifetime. If left untreated, hepatitis B can develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer.

Prevention such as Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B can be done by vaccination.



Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C has the highest severity than Hepatitis A and B. Together with Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C is transmitted through blood infection from the main street of blood transfusion or blood products that have not been screened (examination), the exchange of needles and syringes by injecting drug users (injecting drug users / IDU) as well as needles or tattoo equipment and unsterile piercing.

Hepatitis C virus infection is also known as covert infections (silent infection) due to early infection is often asymptomatic or no typical symptoms so often overlooked. Most people do not know they are infected with hepatitis C to liver damage appears or through routine medical tests.

If there is any symptoms, Hepatitis C usually only shows flu-like symptoms, namely:

• Fatigue
• Fever
• Nausea or poor appetite
• Muscle and joint pain
• Pain in the liver area.

Hepatitis C virus is a virus that is genetically very varied and has a high mutation rate, thus allowing generation of viral diversity. As a result there has been no successful vaccine designed to prevent infection with hepatitis C virus

Cirrhosis occurs in 10-20 percent of patients with chronic hepatitis C, and liver cancer occurs in 1-5 percent of patients with chronic hepatitis C within 20-30 years. And about 90 percent of people newly infected with the disease will continue to develop into chronic infection.

To Hepatitis C vaccine until now no signatures.



Hepatitis D

Hepatitis D also called delta virus, is a defective virus that needs the hepatitis B virus help for the breed that is found only in people who are infected with hepatitis B. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is the least common but most dangerous of all the hepatitis viruses. 

Pattern similar to the transmission of hepatitis D hepatitis B. It is estimated about 15 million people in the world are exposed to hepatitis B (HBsAg +) are also infected with hepatitis D. Hepatitis D infection can occur simultaneously (co infection) or after a person has chronic hepatitis B (super infection). 

People affected by hepatitis B and hepatitis D may have serious acute disease and higher risk of acute liver failure. People affected by hepatitis D super infection usually develop chronic hepatitis infection most likely (70% d-80%) to cirrhosis. There is no vaccine hepatitis D, but by getting the hepatitis B vaccination then automatically you will be protected from this virus because HDV is not possible to live without HBV. 



Hepatitis E

Hepatitis E is similar to hepatitis A. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) transmitted through human waste into the mouth and spreads through contaminated food or drink. Highest rate of infection of hepatitis E occurred in the sanitation area bad that supports transmission of the virus. 

Hepatitis E cause an acute illness, but does not cause chronic infection. In general, patients with hepatitis E recover without long-term illness. At a very small fraction of patients (1-4%), especially in pregnant women, hepatitis E causes of acute liver failure are dangerous.

There is currently no vaccine hepatitis E are commercially available.You can only prevent it through the application of hygiene standards. Injecting drug users (IDU) as well as needles or tattoo equipment and piercing are not sterile.